Charge is a fundamental physical property that measures the amount of electric energy an object or particle possesses due to the presence or movement of electrons. It represents the degree to which an object can interact with the electromagnetic force, one of the four fundamental forces of nature. The standard unit of charge is the Coulomb (C), named after French engineer and physicist Charles-Augustin de Coulomb. Charge plays a crucial role in various phenomena, from the attraction and repulsion between particles to the flow of electric current in wires. Practically, understanding charge is essential for designing and operating electronic devices, power systems, and electrical circuits. Scientifically, it underpins numerous processes, such as electromagnetic wave propagation and the behavior of subatomic particles.